Machine for making type



(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. G. PAVYER.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TYPE.

PatentedOct. 15

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4 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. G. PAVYER.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TYPE. No. 413,087. Patented Oct. 15, 1889..

N. PETERS. Phnw-unw m hm. Washinglon, D. C

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J. G. PAVYER.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TYPE.

No. 413,087. Patented Oct. 15. 1889.

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N. PETERS. PrwwLilhu m lm. Washington, DZ (2.

UNITED STATES PAT NT FFICE.

JAMES G. PAVYER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TYPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 413,087, dated October15, 1889.

Application filed March 14,- 1889. $erial No. 303,301. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES G. PAVYEEnof the city of St. Louis, in theState'of Missouri, have invented a certain. new and useful Improvementin Machines for Making Type, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming part of this specification.

This is a machine for casting and finishing type and quads ready foruse.

The novelties cannot be briefly stated. They will be defined in theclaims.

Figure I is a front elevation of the machine in position for casting thetype. Fig. II is a side elevation of the machine with the tilt ing frameand appendages, indicated in full lines in casting position and inbroken lines in the finishing position. Fig. III is a detail verticalsection showing the breaker in front elevation. Fig. IV is a verticalsection at IV IV, Fig. III. Fig. V is a plan with parts in the positionshown in Fig. I. Fig. VI is a transverse vertical section at VI VI, Fig.V. Fig. VII is an edge view of an unfinished quad. showing a quadpassing between revolving cutters whose position and form are indicatedby part sections. Fig. IX is a detail vertical section showing typepassing by revolving cutters. Fig. X is an edge view of an unfinishedtype. Fig. XI is a view of the workingfaees of the dressingplates. Fig.XII is an enlarged detail edge view of a dressing plate, illustratingthe manner of cutting the teeth thereon. Fig. XIII is a detail top viewof the machine in discharging position with parts removed and partsbroken away, the view agreeing with the broken lines in Fig. II. Fig.XIV is a detail side view of the machine in finishing position, withparts removed and parts broken away. Fig. XV is a transverse verticalsection at XV XV, Fig. XIII. Fig. XVI is an enlarged. detail view of thebottom half of the mold, showing the nipple and the nipple-plate inhorizontal section. Fig. XVII is an enlarged vertical longitudinalsection at XVII XVII, Fig. XIII. Fig. XVIII is an enlarged perspectiveview of a finished quad. Fig. XIX is an enlarged perspective view of anunfinished type. Fig. XX is a perspective view of large recessed quad.Fig. XXI

Fig. VIII is a detail vertical sectionis a top view of lower part of thetype-mold, showing manner of casting recessed quad. Fig. XXII showsfixed cutters in place of r0- tary cutters for dressing the ends of aquad or lower end of a type. Fig. XXIII is a face view of the top plate57.

No novelty is claimed in the main frame 1, the melting-pot 2, thejet-pump 3, the choker 4:, the jet-nipple 5, nor 1'11 the mold-blocks 6and 7 or the vibrating plates 8 carrying them, although novelattachments are made to the mold-blocks and vibrating plate. Nor is anynovelty claimed in the actuating devices of the vibrating plate ormovable mold-block, or of the matrix, the jet-pump, or the choker. Thelower half-mold is composed, of a bottom plate 18 and side 17, while theupper or movable halfqnold has a top plate 7 and an end plate 7 whichform, respectively, the bottom, sides, and top of the mold when closedtogether, as seen in Fig. I. The matrix forms one end of the mold, whileat the other end is the opening for the jet or sprue 24:. The up permold'block is thrown up and down by an arm 7, whose lower end is hingedto a fixed point, and whose upper end is hinged to the upper mold 7, at7. Ihe lifting of the upper mold-block is caused by the swinging forwardof the vibrating plate 8, or vice versa. The device is an old one. Thevibrating plate 8 is pushed inward by the cam 8 on the main shaft a6,and it is thrown outward by means of a spring. (Not seen.) This, likethe means of lifting and. forcing down the upper mold-box, is an olddevice. The matrix 6 is forced into the casting position (as seen inFigs. I, V, XVI, and XXI) by a spring 6", and its upper end is throwndirectly outward from the mold to draw it from the letter upon thenewly-east type by the upper end of a lever 6, which is pressed upon thelower end of the matrix by the outer movement of the vibrating plate 8,the matrix tilting on a rib (upon the vibrating plate) between its upperend and the lever-bearing. This is an old device. The pivots 8, on whichthe vibrating plate 8 oscillates, are shown in Figs. I and II. 111 Fig.XIII the side 17 of the lower mold would not show, and the pusher isshown in flat form in dotted lines, as seen in Fig. XXI.

9 is a bracket attached. to the vibrating plate 8 by screws 10, andcarrying the arms too 11, in which the center screws 12 have bearing.The center screws form the pivots on which the upper mold-block 7vibrates, this mold. block being actuated by the usual means. Thebracket has a horizontal extension 13, forming the guide to a slide 14,to which are attached the pushers 15 and 16. The pushers 15 may properlybe round steel wires. They pass through the side 17 of the lowertype-mold 18, and as the slide moves forward push the type or quad fromthe mold. Pushers of the described form are shown in Figs. XVI and XIX.In Fig. XXI a single pusher of a fiat form is shown passing through theside 17 of the mold. This form is used when casting types 19 or quads 20with a recess 21 in the side, in such case the end of the pusher 15being allowed to project into the mold, as seen. Where the process isthe same for types or quads, the Word type will generally be used in thedescription. WVhere the round pushers 15 are used, they do notordinarily project into the type-space of the mold, so that they take nohold of the types. Some provision is therefore made to prevent the typesfrom rolling as they are pushed from the mold. This device is shown themost clearly in Figs. XVI, XVII, and XIX, and will now be described. Thepusher rod or bar 16 is attached to the slide 14 and works clear of themold upon its inner side. The pusher-bar 16 is slotted at 23 to engage aprojection 24 upon the end of the jet 24. This projection 24 hasheretofore been made round, being formed in a round recess in thenipple-plate 25. The recess 26 in this case is elongated to make aprojection of the required form to engage in the slot 23 and prevent therolling of the types. (See Figs. XVII.)

At 27, Fig. XVII, is shown in broken lines the front end of a pusherwhich is secured to the slide 14, and which passes between the front ofthe mold and the matrix when the latter is moved away from the mold.This pusher in a type would engage against the letter 28, and in a quadwould engage a projection 28 in place of the letter. This pusher 27 isnot essential, but may be used with large types. The slide 14 has alongitudinally-adjustable piece 29 secured to the slide by a screw 30,which passes through a slot 31 in the piece 29 and screws into theslide. slide has an aperture 32, partly filled by the head 33 of thepiece 29. The head 33 has a hole 34, enlarged longitudinally at top andbottom, into which extends the rod 35, which forms part of the uprightarm of a bell-crank lever 36. The rod 35 fits in a socket 37, and isheld in position by a set-screw 38, so as to be vertically adjustable.The horizontal arm 39 of the bell-crank lever carries a hook or eye 40,with which engages the upper end of a spring 41, whose office is to drawdown the horizontal arm 39, and thus draw back the slide 14 into theposition seen in Figs I, II, V, XIII, and XIV.

42 is a lever fulcrumed to the main frame at 43 and carrying ananti-friction roller 44, which bears upon a cam 45 upon the main shaft46. The lever 42 has a block 47 secured to the lever by avertically-adjusting screw 48. The construction is such that when themold is in its forward position the block 47 is beneath the horizontalarm 39 of the bellcrank lever, and as the cam 45 lifts the lever 42 thehorizontal arm 39 is lifted by the lever 42 and the slide 14 is pushedforward, the pushers 15 and 16 carrying the type from the mold along thetop of the plate 49, which is in line with the bottom of the mold, sothat the type slides Without impediment from the mold onto the plate 49.The top of the lower mold 18 has ribs 50, which form the grooves 51 inthe types, and two of these ribs are carried along the top of the plate49 and form guides for the types, preventing their endwise movement. Theplate 49 is secured by a vertically-adj ustable bracket 52 to the lowermold-block 6 and the vibrating plate 8, the bracket being attached tothe plate 49 by screws 53 and to the mold-block 6 by screws 54, whichpass through vertical slots 55 in the bracket and screw into the saidmoldblock and vibrating. plate. (See Figs. I and XIV.) The plate 49 hasintersecting fileteeth out upon its upper face, as seen at 56, Fig.XXII, to dress off the under side of the types as they are pushed overit. Theupper sides of the types are dressed off by similar file-teethupon a plate 57 above and parallel to the plate 49. These plates areheld the required distance asunder by distance-blocks, or by cutters 5859, which are inserted between them. the bottom plate 49 by screwspassing through holes 60 in the cutters. In dressing quads both of thecutters 58 and 59 are used, the cutter 58 having co11veX- edged teethand forming the bottom groove 61 in the lower end of thequad, while theteeth of the cutter 59 are flat edged-and finish off the top of the quadfiat. In dressing types the cutter 59 is removed and a distance-blockput in its place to give space for the passage of the letter. One of thefinished types or quads will form a suitable distance-piece. One set offile teeth is discontinued for a greater part of the surface of theplates 49 and 57, and the inclination of the continued file-teeth ispreferably such as to tend to force the footof the type against thegrooving-cutter 58; but the guide-ribs 50 are chiefly depended on toguide the types in their passage between the plates.

At 62 are shown orifices through which the shavings escape from thecutters. The types (or quads) are forced between the plates 49 57 by thepushers, each type being forced into the plate of the one last out, andthus the whole line 63 of types moved forward the width of one type ateach movement. The pushers carry the types from the mold when thevibrating. plate 8 is in its forward position, as seen in broken linesin Fig. II, and

The top plate 57 is secured to.

as seen in Figs. XIII and XIV. Each type is left by the pushers in theposition seen at 64:, Figs. XIV and XXII.

66 is a retaining-dog, which prevents any retrograde movement of thetypes in the absence of the pushers, and has on top a bracket 67, towhich is hinged the lower end of a link 68. The upper end of the link ishinged to an adjustable bracket 69, connected to the free end of themold-block 7 by screws 70, which pass through upright slots in thebracket. The bracket is made adjustable, so as to give means for theadjustment of the position of the dog, so that the tooth 71 shall comein contact with the rear side of the type at 04 as the upper mold-block7 closes down to the casting position, as seen in Fig. I. The front end7 2 of the dog works between guides 7 3 and through a passage beneath aplate 74. As the upper mold-block is thrown up to allow the discharge ofthe type, the toothed end of the dog is thrown up, as seen in Fig. XIV,and the type passes beneath it. In order to insure this position of thedog, the link has a projection 75, which rests against the top of thedog and holds the front end 72 down.

.Vhile the type (or quad) is in the position shown at 64 the vibratingplate 8 is carried inward to the casting position and carries the jet 24of the type last cast beneath the breaker 78, which is pivoted at 77,and as the connecting-rod 79 of the jet-pump is raised a tappet 80 uponthe rod strikes the under side of the end 81 of the breaker-arm, and theother end, carrying the breaker-blade 76, descends rapidly and snaps offthe jet 24 close to the base of the type, generally leaving a littleprojection 24 (see Fig. XXIL) which is removed by the cutter 58 informing the groove 61. A tappet 82 on the rod 79 serves, by impingementagainst the end 81, to lift the active end it of the breaker on thedescent ofthe rod. The

jet falls into a chute 83 and is carried off. (See Figs. III, IV, V, andXIII.)

I will now describe the devices for dressing the vertical sides of thetypes (or quads.)

84: is a bracket-arm secured to or forming part of the bracket 52 andextending outward at right angles to the face of the moldblock 6.

85 is a block secured to the bracket by a screw 86 at the middle. Fourscrews 87 work in the bracket, and their points bear against the block85 near the corners, and furnish means of adjusting the plate upon thebracket. The plate has a fixed cleat 88 and a cleat 89, held to it byscrews 90.

91 is a file whose edges are engaged by the cleats 88 and 89, and whoseface is in the same plane as the ends of the plates 49 and 57.

92 is a bracket attached to the main frame by screws 93, which passthrough vertical slots 94 in the bracket and screw into the main frame.This means of attachment allo s of the vertical adjustment of thebracket. The bracket 92 has upon it a bracketarm 84:, similar in all.respects to the bracket-arm 84, and carrying a file 91, similar to thefile 91. The faces of the files 91 and 91' are in parallel planes invery close proximity, so that the faces of the files just clear eachother in passing. The file 91 is attached to the arm 84 in precisely thesame way as the file 91 is attached to the arm 8%, and detaileddescription need not be repeated, the same reference-numbers being usedin both cases.

95 is a file-plate attached to the bracket 92, and whose upper surfaceis exactly in the same plane as the upper surface of the plate 49 whenthe mold is in its forward position, as seen in broken lines in Fig. II,and as seen in Figs. XIII and XIV, so that the types pass freely frombetween the file-plates 19 57 into a like space between the file-plate95 and fileplate 96 above itand parallel with it.

The plates 95 and 96 have file-surfaces on the sides presented to thetypes to dress the types as they are pushed forward. between them bymeans of the pushers 15 and 16. Distance pieces or blocks are inserted.between the edges of the file-plates outside the line of types to keepthem the required distance asunder. Types or quads may appropriately beused for the distancepieces. The fileplates are held in position byscrews 97, which work in the cleat-lugs 98 upon-the bracket, the ends ofthe screws bearing on the top plate 96. (See Figs. I, V, and VI.)

In order to dress the ends of the types or quads or complete suchdressing, I provide two rotary cutters or millingwheels 99 and 100,which play between the file-plates. The rotary cutter 99 has round-edgedteeth, so as to make or finish the groove 61 in the base of the type orquad. The cutter 100 has straightedged teeth, and is used in the sameplane as the other cutter when. dressing quads, in which it dresses offthe upper end of the quad flat. The thickness of the cutter 190 isusually such that it extends past the planes of the working-facesof thefile-plates, both above and below. To give place for this cutter, thelower fileplate 95 has a recess 101 extending a part of its thickness,and the upper fileplate 96 has a recess 102 extending through its wholethickness, so as to allow the under side of the cutter to be set in thesameplane as the lower side of the plate 96, as is required in finishingsome kinds of types, where the bevel 103 at the base of the letterextends past the plane of that side of the type and has to be dresseddown to this plane. (See Fig. IX.) The file-plate 96 has a groove 104:,to allow the passage of this bevel projection. The cutters are onspindles 105, having at their lower ends matching spur-w heels 106,engaging together. One of these spindles carries a bevel-wheel 107, thatengages a similar wheel on a horizontal shaft 108, upon which is aspur-wheel 109, engaging a spurwheel upon the main shaft e6. (See Figs.I, V, VI, and XIII.)

In the line of type extending along the fileplates 4 9 and 95 the lineof meeting between two of the types 111 and 112 is always between theplanes of the working-faces of the files 91 and 91, the adjacent ends ofthe plates 49 and 95 being in the planes of the workingfaces of thefiles. This, it will be seen, allows the free oscillation of the plate8, carrying the molds. The meeting edges of the types 111 and 112 willbe dressed by the files 91 91, respectively, in both the inward andoutward movement of the plate '8. To enable the files 91 and 91' to workeffectually in both directions, the teeth 113 and 114 are cut so as toface ir. opposite directions, as shown in Fig. XII. A second advantageis gained by this opposite inclination of the tecthnamely, that whileone set is cutting the passage of the type over the other set will clearthe filings from them. The slide 14is drawn backward by the spring 41,through the medium of the bell-crank lever 36, which does not give whatis called a positive motion.

7 the upper mold-block 7.

I provide a device, which will now be described, to insure the slidereachingits backward position. This consists of a block 115 upon theslide and a push-piece 116 upon The construction is such that. as themold-block is moving downward the push-piece 116 comes in contact withthe block 115, if the slide has not reached its rear position, andcarries it fully back to such position. One or both of the parts 115 116should be made adjustable. In this case the block is made adjustable byattaching it to the slide by screws 117, which pass through longitudinalslots in the block 115.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of a pusher 15, workingthrough one side of the mold, and a pusher 16, engaging the projection24, substantially as set forth.

2. The nipple-plate 25, having a recess, and

' the pusher 16, having a slot 23, adapted to engage an elongatedprojection 24 upon the type, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the vibrating plate 8, of the adjustablebracket 9, giving bearing to a slide 14, carrying the pusher 15,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the slide 14, carrying the pusher 15, of theadjustable piece 29, having a hole 34 for the engagement of theactuating-lever 36, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of slide 14 and lever 36, having bearing on thevibrating plate 8, lever 42, fulcrumed to the fixed frame, and cam 45upon the main shaft 46, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of slide 14 and lever 36, having bearing on thevibrating plate 8, lever 42, fulcrumed to the fixed frame and having anadjustable block 47, and the cam 45 upon the main shaft 46,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

'7. The combination of slide 14, lever 36, lever 42, cam 45, and spring41, all adapted to operate substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the slide 14, having a projection 115, and thevibrating moldblock 7, having a push-piece 116, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

9. The combination of the pump-rod 79, having tappets, and thejet-breaker 7 8, constructed and operating substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with the vibrating upper mold-block 7, of the dog66, connected to the mold-block by link 68, and adapted to operatesubstantially as set forth.

11. A dressing-plate, as 49, havinginclined file-teeth adapted to pressthe base of the type against the cutter 58, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of dressing-plates 49 57, carried by the vibratingplate 8, and

dressing-plates 95 and 96, carried on a stationary bracket 92,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination of the transverse dressing-plates 91 and 91',carried, respectively, by the vibrating plate 8 and the stationarybracket 92, and adapted to operate substantially as set forth.

14. A type-dressing file, as 91, having teeth 113 and 114, presentinginopposite directions, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination, with the vibrating plate 8, of the two adjustablebrackets 9 and 52, carrying, respectively, the slide 14, carrying apusher, and dressing-plates 49 57, substantially as set forth.

16. The transverse oppositely-reciprocating dressing-files 91 91, andsuitable supportingbrackets, said files being adjustably supported onthe brackets by holding-block and screws 86 87, substantially as setforth.

1'7. The vibratory breaker 78, in combination with the dressing-plates49 57, the latter serving to hold the type firmly while the jet isbroken off.

JAMES G. PAVYER.

In presence of SAML. KNIGHT, BENJN. A. KNIGHT.

